Unit 07

Talking About What You Did in Japan

ๆ—ฅๆœฌใงใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™
Talking About What You Did in Japan

Lesson

How to form negative sentences:
-ใพใ™ [masu] โ†’ -ใพใ›ใ‚“ [masen]

  • ใ—ใพใ™ [shimasu] I do it. โ†’ ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ [shimasen] I don't do it.
  • ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ [arimasu] there is โ†’ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ [arimasen] there isn't

ๅตใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ [tamago wa arimasen]
There aren't any eggs.

  • ๅต [tamago] means "eggs"
  • ใฏ [wa] is the particle that marks the subject
  • ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ [arimasen] means "there aren't"
  • Literally means "eggs, there aren't"

How to form negative sentences into past tense:
-ใพใ›ใ‚“ [masen] โ†’ -ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ [masen deshita]

ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ [arimasen deshita]
There weren't any.

  • ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ [arimasen] means "there aren't"
  • ใงใ—ใŸ [deshita] means "was"

ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ [shimasen deshita]
I didn't do it.

  • ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ [shimasen] means "I don't do it"

Conversation

  • A: ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฏๅฎฟ้กŒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹
    Did you do homework last week?
  • B: ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ [iie. shimasen deshita]
    No, I didn't do it.
  • A: ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ‹
    Did you read a book yesterday?
  • B: ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€่ชญใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ [iie, yomimasen deshita]
    No, I didn't read it.