Grocery Shopping in Japan

卵ありますか [tamago arimasu ka]
Do you have eggs?

• 卵 [tamago] means "egg"
• ありますか [arimasu ka] means "exist?"
• Literally means "egg, exist?"

はい、卵はあります [hai, tamago wa arimasu]
Yes, we have eggs.

• はい [hai] means "yes"
• は [wa] is to mark the topic
• あります [arimasu] means "exist"
• Literally means "yes, eggs, exist"

When there "isn't something" change -ます [masu] to -ません [masen]

• あります [arimasu] exist → ありません [arimasen] doesn't exist

いいえ、卵はありません [iie, tamago wa arimasen]
No, we don't have eggs.

• いいえ [iie] means "no"
• ありません [arimasen] means "doesn't exist"
• Literally means "no, eggs, doesn't exist"

• A: 何になさいますか
  What would you like?
• B: 林檎ありますか [ringo arimasu ka]
  Do you have apples?
• A: いいえ、林檎はありません
  No, we don't have any apples.
• B: 葡萄ありますか [budō arimasu ka]
  Do you have grapes?
• A: はい、葡萄はあります
  Yes, we have grapes.
• B: ありがとうございます! [arigatō gozaimasu!]
  Thank you!